The+Cold+War+The+Early+Years

C opy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO. **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** ** [|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO] ** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**

-created after WW2 -was created to "stabilize international relations and create a firm foundation for peace" -originally had 50 nations as members -watchdog || -wanted to "stop the spread of Communism" -used military and non military ways -under the Truman administration -main strategy during the Cold War || ||
 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**
 * **CONTAINMENT**
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE**

-A promise of aid to countries who's own freedom was threatened by Communism - created in 1947 - created by Truman -He believed that he was funding communism in other countries || -created under Truman administration -named after secretary of state George Marshall -$13 billion given to western and southern europe to improve their economies after the war. -Food supply was low in Germany and Communist political parties were gaining popularity in France and Italy -US wanted to restore the balance of super power || || -1948, soviet union(Stalin) blocked access to berlin to keep western powers out -the 11 month blockade was unsuccessful because the airlift wasn't blocked so food, fuel, and equipment could get to the people -for almost a year the U.S. and England made 275,000 flights to Berlin with supplies -Stalin split Germany into EAst Germany and West Germany || - Stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization - created in 1948 because of Communist control in eastern europe -NATO had 12 nations including the U.S., Canada, and western european nations
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN**
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT**
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT**

-Warsaw pact set up by soviet union and eastern european nations in response to the formation of NATO || ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC**

-Rosenburgs were killed by U.S. for passing important atomic secrets to the Russians about the Atomic Bomb -Red scare was after WW2 when people were afriad that Communism might become strong within the United States -HUAC stands for House Un-American Activities Committee looked at people in the entertainment industry to see if they had connections to Communists and those who were looked at were blacklisted which means they were thought to be Communists and their careers were ruined because no one would hire them || -Chiang Kai-shek was leader of the United States supported Nationalists lost his job -Mao Zedong took over as the Communist Leader || ||
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA** -1949 the Communists won in a civil war in China against the Nationalists
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR**

-used Korean War to make fear of Communism worse in the United States - helped the Red Scare get worse and kept it going -McCarthyism was "reckless charges against innocent citizens" -He had no proof against the people he claimed were Communists and ruined their careers. || || -1957 U.S. and Soviet Union started a Space Race -Soviet Union launched a satellite called Sputnik -A competition over who could do the most in Space to show who was more superior -Soviet first took the lead with Sputnik but U.S. caught up and passed them up in terms of what was accomplished in space ||
 * No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM** -Republican Senator from Wisconsin
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE**