Vietnam-+The+end+of+the+War


 * ||  || **NIXON AND VIETNAM**
 * ||  || **NIXON AND VIETNAM**
 * ||  || **NIXON AND VIETNAM**


 * Nixon's Vietnam policy - __Vietnamization__ - the policy for winding down the war**
 * troops were withdrawn, training and equipment was given to South Vietnamese, by 1972, only 24,200 troops remained
 * However, bombing raids increased, hurting the supply lines of North Vietnam - the bombing expanded to other countries - Laos and Cambodia
 * U.S. ground forces invaded __Cambodia__ in spring 1970 – this led to more opposition
 * May 4, 1970 - __Kent University - four people died__


 * __Peace__ talks -1972 - between Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho**

In July, word leaked that Henry Kissinger had been meeting privately in Paris with the North Vietnamese Foreign Secretary
 * in October, only days before the election, Kissinger announced that " __Peace is at hand__"
 * several weeks later, after the election, talks broke down again
 * January 27, 1973 - agreement on ending the war and restoring __Peace__ in VietnamU.S. troops leave Vietnam POW's released, cease-fire between the North and South || [[image:turningpoints:nixonvietnam.jpg width="520" height="420" align="center" caption="nixonvietnam.jpg"]] ||


 * [[image:turningpoints:usnp003.jpg width="329" height="358" caption="usnp003.jpg"]] || = THE FALL OF SAIGON  =
 * North Vietnam Military attacks
 * Saigon Falls
 * Vietnam is reunited under communism


 * The Legacy of Vietnam**


 * In Southeast Asia:**
 * 1.5 million __Vietnamese__ deaths
 * countless Vietnamese civilians wounded, homeless
 * __Agrarian__ society in shambles
 * Southeast Asia left highly unstable
 * __Cambodia__ fell to communism after terror


 * In America: America Copes**
 * __58,000 +__ Americans killed
 * __365,000__ wounded
 * __$150__ billion in direct costs
 * U.S. attempts to come to grips with a "loss" - blow to __self-esteem__


 * Several major U.S. changes as a result of the conflict**
 * government abolished the __draft__, which had stirred up so much of the antiwar sentiment
 * __War Powers Act__ - curb the power of the President for making war - US forces are sent into a hostile area without a declaration of war - the troops may only stay there 90 days unless Congress approves of the action and/or declares war
 * altered American __Foreign Policy__ - risks are considered, because no one wants another Vietnam
 * overall __cynicism__ in Americans about their government and their political leaders - __cynical= you don't believe the government__

The **Disillusionment** of those who served
 * __Veterans__ **extended a cold hand**
 * **some veterans suffered from** __stress__
 * many citizens __embittered__ toward government
 * entire __generation__ of Americans was affected


 * [[image:turningpoints:Picture1.jpg width="378" height="779" caption="Picture1.jpg"]] || **WHAT IS THE LEGACY OF VIETNAM?**